Kievan Rus' law

Kievan Rus' law^[1]^[2]^[3] or law of Kievan Rus',^[4] also known as old Russian law^[5] or early Russian law,^[6] was a legal system in Kievan Rus' (since the 9th century), in later Rus' principalities, and in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 13th century.^[7] Its main sources were early Slavic customary law and Zakon Russkiy (Law of Rus'), which was partly written in Rus'–Byzantine Treaties. A number of articles have similarities with the Germanic (barbarian) laws, for example, the "Salic law" – a collection of legislative acts of Francia, the oldest text of which dates back to the beginning of the 6th century.^[8] The main written sources were Russkaya Pravda ("Rus' Justice") (since the 11th century) and Statutes of Lithuania (since the 16th century).^[9]

^ Magocsi 2010, p. 147: "The continuing influence of Kievan Rus' law was evident not only in the content of the Lithuanian codes, but in their form.".
^ Thompson, John Means; Ward, Christopher J. (23 April 2023). Russia: A Historical Introduction from Kievan Rus' to the Present (Ninth ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. p. 19. ISBN 9781000415391. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023. Depending on how one defines a distinct class, there were as many as eleven classes stipulated by Kievan Rus' law.
^ Sawicki, Stanislaw J. (1977). Soviet Land and Housing Law: A Historical and Comparative Study. Praeger. p. 3. ISBN 9780275244804. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023. One of the most important historical sources of Kievan Rus law is a document known as Russkaia Pravda, or "Russian Justice".
^ Feldbrugge, Ferdinand J.M. (2017). A History of Russian Law: From Ancient Times to the Council Code. Law in Eastern Europe. Vol. 66. Leiden: Brill. p. 98. ISBN 978-90-04-35214-8. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023. To return to the main topic of the treaties of 911 and 944, the Rusi mentioned in the texts were, with a few exceptions, Vikings and the Russian custom referred to in the texts was therefore in all likelihood Scandinavian custom. On the other hand, the "Russian law" of the treaties shows many parallels with the earliest written law of Kievan Rus (the [Russkaya Pravda]).
^ Kaiser, Daniel H. The Growth of the Law in Medieval Russia Archived 25 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. – Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014 [1980]. p. 26, 218.
^ Oswald P. Backus III. Legal Analysis and the History of Early Russian Law Archived 9 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine. (1972). Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 January 2017.
^ Nikolai Maksimeyko Russian Truth and Lithuanian-Russian Law Archived 13 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Kyiv: Type. S. V. Kulzhenko, 1904. 14 p.
^ Kaiser, Daniel H. The growth of the law in Medieval Russia. – Princeton: Princeton univ. press, 1980. – 308 p.
^ Memorials of Russian Law. Issue 1–7. – Moscow, 1952–. (Russian: Памятники русского права. – М., 1952–. – Вып. 1–7.)

[FOOTNOTEMagocsi2010p._147:_"The_continuing_influence_of_Kievan_Rus'_law_was_evident_not_only_in_the_content_of_the_Lithuanian_codes,_but_in_their_form."-1] Magocsi 2010, p. 147: "The continuing influence of Kievan Rus' law was evident not only in the content of the Lithuanian codes, but in their form.".

[2] Thompson, John Means; Ward, Christopher J. (23 April 2023). Russia: A Historical Introduction from Kievan Rus' to the Present (Ninth ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. p. 19. ISBN 9781000415391. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023. Depending on how one defines a distinct class, there were as many as eleven classes stipulated by Kievan Rus' law.

[3] Sawicki, Stanislaw J. (1977). Soviet Land and Housing Law: A Historical and Comparative Study. Praeger. p. 3. ISBN 9780275244804. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023. One of the most important historical sources of Kievan Rus law is a document known as Russkaia Pravda, or "Russian Justice".

[4] Feldbrugge, Ferdinand J.M. (2017). A History of Russian Law: From Ancient Times to the Council Code. Law in Eastern Europe. Vol. 66. Leiden: Brill. p. 98. ISBN 978-90-04-35214-8. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023. To return to the main topic of the treaties of 911 and 944, the Rusi mentioned in the texts were, with a few exceptions, Vikings and the Russian custom referred to in the texts was therefore in all likelihood Scandinavian custom. On the other hand, the "Russian law" of the treaties shows many parallels with the earliest written law of Kievan Rus (the [Russkaya Pravda]).

[Kaiser-5] Kaiser, Daniel H. The Growth of the Law in Medieval Russia Archived 25 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. – Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014 [1980]. p. 26, 218.

[6] Oswald P. Backus III. Legal Analysis and the History of Early Russian Law Archived 9 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine. (1972). Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 January 2017.

[Maksimeyko-7] Nikolai Maksimeyko Russian Truth and Lithuanian-Russian Law Archived 13 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Kyiv: Type. S. V. Kulzhenko, 1904. 14 p.

[8] Kaiser, Daniel H. The growth of the law in Medieval Russia. – Princeton: Princeton univ. press, 1980. – 308 p.

[MRL-9] Memorials of Russian Law. Issue 1–7. – Moscow, 1952–. (Russian: Памятники русского права. – М., 1952–. – Вып. 1–7.)

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